Introduce, Discuss, and Analyze The Ethics of Selling Organs essays

Introduce, Discuss, and Analyze The Ethics of Selling Organs essays The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the essays "The Body Bazaar" by Karen Wright and "'Strip-Mining' the Dead: When Human Organs Are for Sale" by Gilbert Meilaender. Specifically, it will compare and contrast the writers' perspectives on selling and transplanting body organs. The moral and ethical issues surrounding human organ transplant and sale are many, and many of them are ingrained with society's fear of death, dying, and money. Some people feel it is incomprehensible to even think about selling or donating a loved ones organs after death, but there are thousands of transplant patients waiting for organs or they will die and there lies the moral dilemma. Families of transplant patients waiting desperately for transplants so they can survive are always emotional and heart wrenching. Equally moving are the stories of families who donate their loved ones vital organs after a tragic accident trying to find some meaning in their loved ones' untimely deaths. Yet millions of transplant victims are still on waiting lists every year, and many people simply would not consider donating an organ, no matter how drastic the need. These two authors discuss the ethics and morality of donating organs, but they also discuss another aspect of organ transplant, the sale of donor organs for profit, something that most people are much more squeamish about even considering. Author Meilaender notes, "It's not hard to understand our national reluctance to permit the buying and selling of human organs for transplant, for it expresses a repugnance that is deeply rooted in important moral sentiments" (Meilaender). In contrast, Wright's essay at first dis cusses body part harvesting as a business just like any other. She writes, "Core-blood banking is just one of many enterprises that make up the late-twentieth-century trade in body parts and products" (Wright,?, p. 476). Clearly, this is the same issue, but vi...

Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 19

Psychology - Essay Example I have a sound educational backing with a minor in Psychology. My educational experiences have taught me the importance of staying organized, studying diligently and meeting deadlines. I have greatly enjoyed learning about the theories and theorists in my Psychology courses and have a great desire to further my studies in this area so I can help other people overcome obstacles in their lives. In addition to my educational experiences, I have work related skills that make me a good candidate for your Mental Health Master’s program. I have worked for the past year as a teacher. I have had the opportunity to work with many types of children. Some are motivated and excited by learning. Others have many problems, both cognitive and emotional. These are the children that I was most concerned with helping. Some days the work was exhausting. Helping these children that had so many problems has taught me to never quit. This attitude of perseverance has served me well in my current teaching position and will serve me well in my studies in your program. Difficult problems often take time and tenacity to overcome. I have learned this by working with these children. Another attribute I have learned as a teacher is how to communicate clearly with the children’s parents. Many of these parents are difficult to deal with because they are frustrated by their child’s academic performance. I have learned that showing empathy for these parents and clearly expressing expectations to them helps them to cope with their child’s behavior in school. I realize that as I enter the field of professional mental health, these types of parents and children may be my clients. As a result of my teaching experience, I have gained a great desire to help these people that struggle to cope with their daily lives. A final attribute I have acquired as a result of work experience is compassion. I have experience working as a

Philosophy High School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Philosophy High School - Essay Example This is usually translated as the Way. But it's hard to say exactly what this means. The Tao is the ultimate creative principle of the universe. All things are unified and connected in The Tao. Taoism is a religion of unity and opposites; Yin and Yang. The principle of Yin Yang sees the world as filled with complementary forces - action and non-action, light and dark, hot and cold, and so on.3 The common view of Daoism is that it encourages people to live with detachment and calm, resting in non-action and smiling at the vicissitudes of the world. Contrary to this common view, Daoists through the ages have developed various forms of community and proposed numerous sets of behavioral guidelines and texts on ethical considerations. Beyond the ancient philosophers, who are well-known for the moral dimension of their teachings, religious Daoist rules cover both ethics, i.e., the personal values of the individual, and morality, i.e., the communal norms and social values of the organization. They range from basic moral rules against killing, stealing, lying, and sexual misconduct through suggestions for altruistic thinking and models of social interaction to behavioral details on how to bow, eat, and wash, as well as to the unfolding of universal ethics that teach people to think like the Dao itself. About eighty texts in the Daoist canon and its supplements describe such guide lines and present the ethical and communal principles of the Daoist religion. They document just to what degree Daoist realization is based on how one lives one's life in interaction with the community-family, religious group, monastery, state, and cosmos. Ethics and morality, as well as the creation of community, emerge as central in the Daoist religion. Livia Kohn, Cosmos and Community Taoist ethics are concerned less with doing good acts than becoming a good person who lives in harmony with all things and people.4 Taoist ethics are inseparable from Taoist spirituality - both contain the same ideas. If a Taoist wants to live well they should take all their decisions in the context of the Tao, trying to see what will fit best with the natural order of things. Taoists thus always do what is required by events and their context, but they only do what is required, no more. But what is required may be a lot less than modern Westerners think: From the perspective of classical Taoism, Western humanism makes the mistake of assuming that the ability to intervene in life's events translates into a moral duty to do so. The constant and unmistakable teaching of the Tao Te Ching is that humans are indeed capable of intervening in life's events, but the evidence of life, which humans constantly ignore, is that such intervention is destructive to all involved, and that we therefore have a moral duty to refrain from taking such actions. Russell Kirkland, Responsible non-action in a natural world So, in theory at least, Taoists tend not to initiate action - but wait for events to make action necessary - and avoid letting their own desires and compulsions push them into doing things. In practice Taoism recommends the same sorts of moral behavior to its followers as other religions. It disapproves of killing, stealing

Office Management Essay Example for Free

Office Management Essay In the present, technology has already advanced so much that it has affected in significant level almost all of aspect of life of the society. Humanity’s lifestyles, works and basic responsibilities are now made easier and as efficient as possible including the field of professional dentistry. In this aspect, integration of the modern technology to the systematic processes in the office dentistry has optimized its production and improved the quality of its services in a significant level raising the standards in this field higher. Application of technology in the office dentistry has been determined to affect several tasks and processes in the said field in a positive manner. One is that it helps to promote the diagnostic communication between the practitioner and the patient through the advancements such as digital imagery and X-rays. With the aid of technology, dentist can now elaborate the situation of their patient through visual tools. Another is that technology widens the available services of each dentist practitioner by innovating several machines that are capable of the complicated tasks in the dentistry field. Also, technological application is known also to reduce the tiresome works in the dentist office such as the accounting responsibility with the aid of programs and softwares that can efficient handle the said tasks. In addition, the tasks of practice management is also optimized by technology as it promotes several aspects such as the communication between concerned parties, organization of paper works and files, and aid the plan of the financial matters of the office. Indeed, technology can significant boosts the service quality and efficiency of the dentistry office. Also, it can reduce the stress and tiresome tasks that the practitioner must handle allocating more time for the professional to invest in his or her field of expertise. However, in the course of integrating technological advancement in the office management and process, involved individual must plan two important aspects to maximize the effectivity of the said approach. First is that the financial investment must be thoroughly planned for the complete application. Second, the future budget allocation must also be considered for the upgrades and updates of the technology integrated in the dentistry office. With these factors completely addressed, the office can now integrate modern technology to its system to optimized their service quality for their patients.

Vincent van Goghs Starry Night and Vincent’s Chair Essay -- Art Criti

Vincent van Gogh's Starry Night and Vincent’s Chair   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most famous Post-Impressionists was the Dutch artist, Vincent van Gogh. Van Gogh believed that art was a form of expression. Painting was an emotional and spiritual experience for him. He painted not only how he interpreted his surroundings, but his sensations and feelings on his subjects. One of his most famous paintings, Starry Night, is a perfect representation of this Post-Impressionistic style of painting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With its swirling colors and lines, Starry Night, incorporates not just the color and light that is found in the earlier works of these painters, but it shows how forms and feelings also came into play. "Waves and swirls" were applied so thickly in this piece that the paint itself cast shadows. His heavy brushstrokes and vivid colors portray the night sky as crazy and chaotic and the village below as peaceful and serene.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The historical significance of Starry Night mirrors the events taking place during this era of modernity. During this time, scientists, writers and artists were seeking nontraditional ways of thinking. While scientists were learning about humans and physics in ways that had not been used before, and philosophers were finding new theories of life, writers and artists were disregarding old ways of writing and painting, and pursuing new forms of expression. Van Gogh, like his contemporaries, was ignoring the old styles of painting realistic images; instead, as portr...

Public Administration and Theories Essay

In the United States of America President Woodrow Wilson is considered to be the father of public administration. He was the first president to hire social scientists in government and as a result as other presidents came along such as Freanklin Delano Roosevelt and Lyndon B. Johnson public administration evolved to what it is today (Henry, 2013, p. 342). President Lyndon Johnson is the one that implemented the idea of policy analysis in the federal government in the 1950’s at the same time that this idea of public administration/policy analsysis was evolving in the government it was also emerging in academia. There was various theories and models emerging as public administration evolved throughout history. Two models that came to be is the organized anarchy and elite/mass model. The organized anarchy model according to Nicholas Henry (2013) is, â€Å"The Basics to the model is the presence of three streams, problems, politics, and policies† ( p.345). The problems stream is where the public and policymakers focusing on a particular problem, defining the problem, and figuring out whether the problem can be solved by implementing new policy or just letting the problem go away. The second stream is politics where it involves the government agenda where issues are listed and discussed by various individuals in government such as elected appointees, members of Congress and interest paties. The last stream in this model is policies where there’s a list of policies that may resolve whatever the issue is. The organized anarchy model is also known as the â€Å"garbage can† model. According to William Newman (2013), â€Å"The Garbage Can model of decision is used to illustrate how the foreign policy process is an organized anarchy; decision making is the intersection of four streams–choice opportunities, problems, solutions, and participants. The model helps identify both institutional and persuasion-bargaining variables and highlights their interactions as streams  are connected to produce policy†. The main weakness of this policy is there is a lot of ambiguity where there’s not set goals defined and at times because of the ambiguity not all issues are resolved and/or discussed. Another model that came out of the evolution of public administration is the elite/mass model. In the elite/mass model policy is developed and implemented by the elitethen flows downward to the masses (Henry, 2013, p. 343). Society is split into two sectors where those who have power are considered to be the elite and those that have no power are the masses. The public policies that are implemented consists of values of the elite, which as a result the elite shape how those of the masses think. Public officials and administrators implement all the policies that has been decided by the elite and people of the masses have no choice but to accept these policies which in turn shape what their values are to be. The weakness of this model is that policies are implemented based off of a small gropu of people (elites) that is not representative of the masses as a whole. This model creates a separation of two sectors where the only individuals that are valued are those that have money, they are the ones that are in control and have power to shape the environment that everyone lives in that includes the masses who’s voices are never heard or taken into consideration. According to Ali Farazmand (1999), â€Å" The linking elites and the operational elites within organizations have a primary task of assuring stability, compliance with organizational rules, and cohesion and control among members of their organizations. They are the agents of the strategic elites located at the apex of modern organizations in government, corporations, nonprofit institutions, and political parties†. This idea that there’s various levels of elites within the group as a whole and as result of these vaious levels of elite there’s cohesion because they control the masses. References Henry, N. (2013). Public Administration and Public Affairs 12th edition. Pearson Education Inc. Persuasion-Bargaining and Institutions in an Organized Anarchy: Clinton Administration Decisions on China, 1993-1994, American Review of Public Administration 43, Issue 3 (May 2013): p. 347 – 367. The Elite Question Toward A Normative Elite Theory of Organization. Administration and Society, Vol. 31 No. 3, July 1999 p. 321-360. Sage Publications Inc.

Introduction to Genetically Modified Seeds - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2125 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/02/14 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: GMO Essay Did you like this example? In the year 1970, the developed glyphosate as an herbicide or commonly known as Roundup, is a familiar herbicide among farmers to protect their crops from pests and weeds. The person who is behind the genetically modified seed is Monsanto, who became the biggest supplier of the glyphosate-resistant crops. Biochemist Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen, developed the strategy of cutting the DNA in specific areas, and then latch it to other organisms, and this is the result of modern biotechnology. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Introduction to Genetically Modified Seeds" essay for you Create order In the year 1976, the biotechnology was commercialized and companies injected genes from one organism to another. The most general Genetically modified crop is the glyphosate-tolerant soybean. After the sudden modification of crop was commercialized some other GM seeds have been developed, which consist of sugarcane, tomatoes, potato, cotton, rice, sugar, and beets. These GM seeds can withstand insects, pesticides, herbicides, antibiotics, and diseases (Bushak, 2015). Genetically Modified(GM) Seeds are crops that are enhanced by genetic engineering, a more exact technique for plant reproduction. By modifying a plant and developing its characteristic, genetic engineering, also associated as biotechnology, permits plant raisers to take a particular trait that is found in a specific plant and transmit it to the plant or organism they want to enhance. Bananas and seedless watermelon today are far more distinctive than the older varieties of fruits, this is because of the modification strategies that was used (GMO Basics, n.d.). The agriculture sector has generally been mounting on innovation, especially in the field of genetic crop development. For a considerable amount of time, the industry has been looking for a dynamic type of crop by blending the qualities of seeds. The GM seeds have been changed to contain particular traits, for example, protection from herbicides (on account of Roundup Ready crops), and protection from pests (on account of Bt corn). GM seeds are modified with a conventional technique by embedding the DNA of the seeds straightforwardly. Over the ages, the qualities of cross-preparation have not been altered (Kruft, 2001). Benefits Less use of herbicides The herbicide resistant crops that is called the Roundup Ready crops is produced by Monsanto. The GM crops are preferable because of its unique traits that the farmers are already aware about the safety of its usage, and in effect, it leads farming more effortless and affordable. The soil of the traditional crops needs to be extremely prepared prior to sowing in order to somehow get rid of the weed seeds from breeding. When the crops are about to cultivate, the crops are then sprayed with varieties of herbicides without damaging the crop. On the other hand, the GM crops only needs a few exhaustive preparations, and the herbicide that is sprayed to the farm depends on how much the problem of the weed (Pinstrup-Andersen Schià ¸ler, 2001). The accommodation of the GM crops lessens the need for a mixture of herbicides or dangerous toxicants that demands a lot of applications. The advantage of the farmers who cultivates a GM crop is the use of a product rather than having multiple herbicides in controlling the weeds without destroying the properties of the crop (Sanvido, Stark, Romies, Bigler, 2006) GM seeds that the seed companies are working on have high tolerance to various weeds and pests. This kind of GM trait could benefit to a more maximized and stable commodity for farmers. In the small farm sector, GM seeds are capable of generating high profits of yield products. In traditional ways of cultivating a farm, a farmer needs to hire more labor force in order to get the work done. While with the use of GM technologies, it only requires a few people to nurture the land (Carter, Moschini, Sheldon, 2011). Nutritional resources GM seeds can be altered, so this means that we would be able to develop the seeds and make them advantageous for human yield and utilization. Healthful nutrients can be inserted to crops that lacks important vitamins and minerals. Since rice or corn is the staple food of some country, it would be possible to inject some genes with valuable nutrients to the crops, to help those countries who is in need of nutritional crops (13 Advantages and Disadvantages of GMOs, 2015). The main focus of the strategies in the GM seeds is to enhance the traits of a certain crop and add nutritional value to it. Biotechnology also aim to work with a product that makes plant-derived pharmaceuticals(PDP). The importance of these biopharmaceuticals is gradually increasing and there is a big chance that it is a potential in making the crops more nutritious. Although the pharmaceutical crops are not yet publicly advertised, there will be a few PDP that is going to be out in the market for consumption (Sanvido, Stark, Romies, Bigler, 2006). Extracting the problems and adding more nutritional traits, biotechnology has demonstrated the possibility to develop the characteristics of a crop. The positive achievement of the GM technology with regard to maximizing the accessibility and diminishing price of a drug is the continuous research and implementation of the pharmaceutical crop production, referred to as â€Å"pharma crop† (Mahgoub, 2015). Lower cost, increased profit The crop yields remarkably increased when the farmers make use of the herbicide tolerant cotton and Bt cotton. The Economic Research Service(ERS) found an important study about the connection between the maximizing crop gain and the increase of herbicide and pesticide tolerance. Agriculturist anticipated to have an increase in the yields if they embraced the GM seeds technology. While for the herbicide-tolerant soybeans have a minor increase in crop yields. Another research that is implemented by the Iowa State University using 377 fields discovered that, the crop that is cultivated with the use of GM seeds gained 160.4 bushels of Bt corn per field, whereas the crops that are cultivated with non-GM seeds gained 147.7 per field. It can be clearly seen that GM seeds outdo the non-GM seeds (Kruft, 2001). A finding from a beneficent analysis of GM crops passed by Wolf and Vogele in Switzerland. Their primary assumption is that the culturing of Bt corn is economically plausible rather than the culturing of non-GM maize (Scholderer Verbeke, 2012). After an PRSV infection that happened in Hawaii, the generically modified papaya exceedingly gained more than the non-generically modified sort of papaya. In 1999, out of 90% of the farmers that acquired the genetically modified seeds, only 76% of them cultivated it. The yield of the GM papaya gradually increased from an amount of 26 million pounds in 1998 to an apex of 40 million pounds in 2011. Nowadays, there is a total of 80%-90% of GM papaya in Hawaii because there is still no any other technique to control the PRSV infection (Bennet Jennings, 2013). Threat to farmers A big concern to the farmers is the possibility of cross pollination from a genetically modified crop to a non-GM plant. Crops with GM genes have been found in ordinary plants as well as in plants that have been using only organic and natural cultivating practices. It will now be very hard for consumers to determine which is organic and which is really not. The seed growers are now a situation where they need to really think twice on what crop they are going to raise in their fields. It’s either they choose a significantly more costlier yield that can possibly flounder every now and then, than customary yields and can be exceptionally perilous to the people and other living organisms who consumes them (Smith, n.d.) (13 Advantages and Disadvantages of GMOs, 2015) (Kruft, 2001) (Mercola, 2014) Toxic Plants Another apprehension according to (Kruft, 2001) is that, the presence of an unperceived allergens in the GM food source is the greatest pitfall to health. In addition to that, (Mercola, 2014) stated that food allergies have gradually increased, with more or less five million youngsters who are suffering from the GM foods. There have been no further studies that is invoked to the safety of these GM crops because research and evaluation of these crops are conserved under various copyright and proprietary information laws. Furthermore, the effects of the human and animal health are not yet fully understood and there will be a great uncertainty to the welfare of the consumers (Why we are against GMOs, 2015) Contract Issues Monsanto promised the people that he will make the world a better place for future generations. His principal plan is to Increase the yields, that’s why he gives the farmers the product and framework to help them to achieve his desires. Monsanto creates GM seeds and his fundamental item is the Roundup ready crops, which is resistant to the herbicide. For the utilization of the specific trait on the crop, Monsanto induced the farmers who purchase GM seeds to go into an agreement of authorizing consent for the use of the special seeds. The farmers are prohibited from sparing the seeds, so Monsanto is demanding that seeds need to be purchased from them every season (Duvvuru, 2009). Its a burden for agriculturist who purchase the GM seeds in signing the agreements that seed organizations are requiring. The seed organizations have put tremendous subsidizes in the innovation of the GM seeds, and they secure this speculation through their agreement with the farmers. These agreements strongly guarantee the biotechnology organization’s rights to seeds, plot the setting inside which debates may be settled, and compel the risk of the organization (Kruft, 2001). To authorize the use of GM seeds, the farmers need to sign an agreement that remove their legitimate rights and obtain liabilities. The qualities that is injected to the GM seeds are secured by patents. The agreement outlaws the farmers to sell their seeds to researchers who wants to evaluate it, and also the organization obstructs independent research on the seeds that have been acquired from them. The farmers are strictly not allowed to save seeds from the GM crops. If a farmer whose detected with the patented genes by cross-pollination, the farmer still needs to pay the fine for having the genes of the GM crops even though he is actually cultivating his crops organically (Public Health Association of Australia, 2013). References 13 Advantages and Disadvantages of GMOs. (2015). Retrieved from GreenGarageBlog.org: https://greengarageblog.org/13-main-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-gmos Bennet, D. J., Jennings, R. C. (2013). Succesful Agricultural Innovation in Emerging Economies: New Genetic Technologies for Global Food Production. Retrieved from https://books.google.ca/books?id=g9MgAwAAQBAJpg=PA192dq=positive+effects+of+genetically+modified+seedshl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwj99YOEgJjZAhWH0YMKHWSWAMcQ6AEIRTAF#v=onepageq=positive%20effects%20of%20genetically%20modified%20seedsf=false Bushak, L. (2015, July 22). A brief History of Genetically Modified Organisms: From Prehistoric Breeding To Modern Biotechnology. Retrieved from Medical Daily: https://www.medicaldaily.com/brief-history-genetically-modified-organisms-prehistoric-breeding-modern-344076 Carter, C., Moschini, G. C., Sheldon, I. (2011). Frontiers of economics and globalization: Genetically Modified Food and Global Welfare. Duvvuru, K. (2009, May 2). Monsanto and Its Philanthropy. Retrieved from Dissident Voice: https://dissidentvoice.org/2009/05/monsanto-and-its-philanthropy/ GMO Basics. (n.d.). Retrieved from GMO Answers: https://gmoanswers.com/gmo-basics Kruft, D. (2001, November). Impacts of Genetically-Modified Crops and Seeds on Farmers. Retrieved from https://greengarageblog.org/13-main-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-gmos Mahgoub, S. E. (2015). Genetically Modified Foods: Basics, Applications, and Controversy. Retrieved from https://books.google.ca/books?id=A-v5CQAAQBAJpg=PA213dq=genetically+modified+seedshl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwj8hKeW5JfZAhUh6YMKHS7SCw8Q6AEIPTAF#v=onepageq=genetically%20modified%20seedsf=false Mercola, J. (2014, February 10). Seeds of Evil: Monsanto and Genetic Engineering. Retrieved from Organic Consumers Association: https://www.organicconsumers.org/news/seeds-evil-monsanto-and-genetic-engineering Pinstrup-Andersen, P., Schià ¸ler, E. (2001). Seeds of Contention: World Hunger and the Global Controversy over GM Crops. Retrieved from https://books.google.ca/books?id=NtY6AwAAQBAJprintsec=frontcoverdq=benefits+of+genetically+modified+seedshl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwjK3s-ts5fZAhUjjK0KHf_OAEYQuwUIKzAA#v=onepageq=benefits%20of%20genetically%20modified%20seedsf=false Public Health Association of Australia. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.phaa.net.au/documents/item/235 Sanvido, O., Stark, M., Romies, J., Bigler, F. (2006, October). Ecological impacts of genetically modified crops: Experiences from ten years of experimental field research and commercial cultivation. Retrieved from https://research.cip.cgiar.org/confluence/download/attachments/2400/Swiss+study+GM+crops.pdf Scholderer, J., Verbeke, W. (2012). Genetically Modified Crop Production: Social Science, Agricultural Economics, Cost and Benefits of Coexistencte.Retrieved from https://books.google.ca/books?id=vbUvlULIfwgCpg=PA33dq=positive+effects+of+genetically+modified+seedshl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwj99YOEgJjZAhWH0YMKHWSWAMcQ6AEINzAD#v=onepageq=positive%20effects%20of%20genetically%20modified%20seedsf=false Smith, M. D. (n.d.). GMO Reality Check. Retrieved from EBSCO Industries, Inc: https://eds.a.ebscohost.com.eztest.ocls.ca/eds/detail/detail?vid=0sid=a3ef297c-4d12-4432-ae2e-73b88c2a768e%40sessionmgr4008bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=78031008db=hxh Why we are against GMOs. (2015). Retrieved from Slow Food: https://www.slowfood.com/what-we-do/themes/gmos/why-we-are-against-gmos/